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From Warhammer 40k - Lexicanum
Repeated sources.
==Early History==
[[fileFile:SMChapter.jpg|thumb|500px|Space Marines of the [[Ultramarines]] chapter assembled for battle{{Fn|11a}}]]
Chapters were originally an organisational unit used by the [[Thunder Warriors]]. During the [[Great Crusade]], the Space Marines were organised into [[Space Marine Legion|Legions]], further divided into [[Space Marine Company|Companies]]. Chapters were adopted by some of the Legions as an intermediate level of organisation.{{Fn|2b}} The [[Ultramarines]] Legion, led by [[Roboute Guilliman]], became the largest of all the Legions, thanks to Guilliman's tactical mastery and a steady flow of new recruits from [[Ultramar]].{{Fn|1a}} At the time of the [[Horus Heresy]], the Ultramarines Legion was divided into twenty-five Chapters, each composed of ten Companies, each company composed of roughly one thousand Marines.{{Fn|2b}}
==Organisation==
[[File:SMChapterOrgNew.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Organisation of a Space Marine Chapter since the introduction of [[Primaris Space Marines]]{{Fn|77a}}]]
{{Main|Codex Astartes}}
A so-called [[Codex Chapter]], meaning a Chapter which closely follows the doctrines of the [[Codex Astartes]], is made up of ten [[Space Marine Company|companies]], each consisting of one hundred Marines and commanded by an officer with the rank of [[Space Marine Captain|Captain]]. Below the Captain are two [[Lieutenant (Space Marine)|Lieutenant]]s which each command a Demi-Company.{{Fn|5}} Generally, the [[First Company]] is made up of the Chapter's most experienced [[Space Marine Veteran|Veteran]]s, while the Second through Ninth consist of more ordinary warriors. Some individual companies are specialised assault or support companies, possessing larger proportions of [[Assault Squad|Assault]], [[Devastator Squad|Devastator]], [[Hellblaster]], [[Eradicator Squad|Eradicator]]{{Fn|8}}, [[Aggressor]], [[Reiver]], and [[Inceptor]] squads. The tenth company is a [[Space Marine Scout|Scout]] force, made up of [[neophyte]] Space Marines not yet proven in battle. Typically, a standing force of 100 [[Vanguard Space Marine]]s are attached to the 10th Company.{{Fn|6}} The Chapter is further bolstered and supported by a [[Librarium]], [[Armoury]], [[Apothecarion]], [[Chaplaincy]], and [[Space Marine Fleet|Fleet]].{{Fn|77a}}
Each chapter is led by a [[chapter master]]. Unlike the [[Imperial Guard]], the Adeptus Astartes has no leadership above the masters of the individual chapters. Also unlike many other Imperial military forces, the Astartes were not historically represented amongst the [[High Lords of Terra]]{{Fn|3b}} prior to [[Roboute Guilliman]] returning and declaring himself [[Lord Commander of the Imperium]] and [[Imperial Regent]].
Besides the Space Marine fighting brethren, there are many non-combat personnel, fully part of the chapter but generally not involved directly in combat. These include the chapter's [[Chapter Serf|serf]]s, [[astropath]]s, [[navigator]]s, etc.{{Fn|77a}}
Every [[successor chapter]] of the [[Ultramarines]] follows the [[Codex Astartes]] completely.{{Fn|31}}
==Chapter-size==
===Space Marines===
[[Image:SMOrg9th.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Modern Chapter organization{{Fn|3217a}}]]
A Space Marine Chapter, in compliance with the Codex Astartes and at full strength, is organised as follows:
* Chapter Command {{Fn|1b}}
** 2 [[Lieutenant (Space Marine)|Lieutenants]]{{Fn|1b}}
** [[Command Squad]] ''(size and composition vary greatly from Chapter to Chapter {{Fn|1c}}, though it may include for example a [[Chaplain]] and an [[Apothecary]]{{Fn|1b}})''
** 10 Squads divided into either [[Veteran Squad|Veteran]], [[Battleline Squad|Battleline]], [[Close Support Squad|Close Support]], [[Fire Support Squad|Fire Support]], or [[Scout]] types with 5-10 [[Space Marines]] each{{Fn|1b}}{{Fn|77a}}{{Fn|3217a}}** various [[Dreadnought]]s, [[Rhino]]s, [[Impulsor]]s,{{Fn|337b}} [[Land Speeder]]s, [[Storm Speeder]]s,{{Fn|3217a}} and [[Bike]]s {{Fn|12a}}
* [[Armoury]] {{Fn|1b}}
** multiple [[Techmarine]]s {{Fn|1b}}
Not all Chapters have the means to make every type of vehicle. Some Chapters have charters of cooperation with an Adeptus Mechanicus [[Forge World]], which manufactures vehicles to order for this one Chapter. Strict security-measures are undertaken to keep those vehicles from falling into the wrong hands.{{Fn|12a}}
* [[Dreadnought]]s: Dreadnoughts are very rare. Only very few Chapters have the capacity to build new ones from scratch, and even those that do can do so only a few at a time, because the construction of its core-piece, the Sarcophagus, is very complicated. Fortunately, the design of the Dreadnought is extremely durable and unless destroyed completely, it can eventually be repaired back into function.{{Fn|13a}}* [[Rhino]]s: Rhinos are the mainstay of every single Chapter's vehicle-pool as an armoured troop-carrier. Each is capable of transporting 10 Space Marines.{{Fn|1e}} Due to its nature as an [[STC]]-design, Rhinos are fairly easy to build and repair.{{Fn|13b}}*[[Impulsor]]s: Newer [[Era Indomitus]]-era [[Grav-Vehicle]] transports.{{Fn|337b}}* [[Bike]]s: The degree to which Bikes are deployed varies greatly from Chapter to Chapter, with for example the [[White Scars]] using them in great numbers, while other Chapters shun them in favour of [[Rhino]]s or [[Razorback]]s.{{Fn|1f}}* [[Land Speeder]]s: A typical Chapter fields about 50 to 70 Land Speeders. Though, some Chapters, like the [[Dark Angels]], the [[White Scars]] and the Successor-Chapters of the White Scars, field several times that number. As a counter-example, the [[Imperial Castilians]] field none.{{Fn|13c}}*[[Storm Speeder]]s: Heavier attack speeder.{{Fn|17a17b}}
*[[Invictor]]s: Scout walkers.{{Fn|35a}}
* [[Predator]]s: A Chapter typically fields 20 to 30 Predators, though there are Chapters like the [[Iron Hands]] and [[Fire Angels]] which field more than 100. Due to the Predator being based on the Rhino-chassis, and that in itself being very adaptable, it is possible to retrofit Rhinos into Predators.{{Fn|13b}}*[[Gladiator(Battle Tank)|Gladiators]]s: Newer [[Era Indomitus]]-era [[Grav-Vehicle]] battle tanks.{{Fn|17b17c}}* [[Whirlwind]]s: A Chapter typically fields 20 to 30 Whirlwinds, although this varies greatly from Chapter to Chapter.{{Fn|12b}}* [[Vindicator]]s: A Chapter typically fields about 12 Vindicators.{{Fn|12c}} They are mostly used for sieges and in urban warfare, however some Chapters greatly value them for their sheer firepower and field them in great numbers as a frontline battle-tank.{{Fn|13b}}
*[[Stalker]]s and [[Hunter]]s: Air defense vehicles.{{Fn|34c}}
* [[Land Raider]]s: Due to its nature as an [[STC]]-design, every Space Marine Chapter is capable of producing the components for building Land Raiders.{{Fn|12d}} As an example for their numbers, the [[Red Scorpions]] had 12 Land Raiders by the time of the [[Siege of Helios]].{{Fn|12e}}* [[Repulsor]]s: Newer [[Era Indomitus]]-era [[Grav-Vehicle]] heavy assault vehicles.{{Fn|11b}}
*[[Astraeus]]': Newer [[Era Indomitus]]-era [[Super-Heavy]] [[Grav Vehicle]]s.{{Fn|18}}
* [[Strike Cruiser]]s: Strike Cruisers are the most common type of larger warship in a Chapter Fleet. They are very fast, carry a Company of Space Marines, and are geared for planetary assaults.{{Fn|14}} They also carry the vehicles assigned to a Company.{{Fn|15b}}
* [[Escort]]s and [[Rapid Strike Vessel]]s: These are many different types of small, fast ships geared for naval combat. They are mainly used for line-of-battle escorts and patrols. They also have a very limited capacity to deliver very small forces on infiltration raids.{{Fn|14}}
*Aircraft and Gunships such as the [[Thunderhawk]],{{Fn|1g}} [[Overlord Gunship|Overlord]],{{Fn|36}} [[Storm Eagle]],{{Fn|35}} [[Stormraven]],{{Fn|34d}} [[Stormhawk]],{{Fn|34d}} [[Xiphon]]{{Fn|3732}}, [[Stormtalon]],{{Fn|34d}} and [[Caestus Assault Ram|Caestus]].{{Fn|3833}}
*[[Drop Pod]]s and [[Boarding Torpedo]] insertion craft.{{Fn|12a}}
**{{Endn|6a}}:pgs. 2-5
**{{Endn|6b}}:pg. 62
*{{Endn|7}}: [[Codex: Space Marines (8th Edition, 2nd Codex)]], :**{{Endn|7a}}: pgs. 16-17**{{Endn|7b}}: pgs. 87-88
*{{Endn|8}}: [https://www.warhammer-community.com/2020/06/13/warhammer-40000-preview-whats-in-the-boxgw-homepage-post-1/ Warhammer Community: Warhammer 40,000 Preview – What’s in the Box? (posted 13/06/2020)] ''(last accessed 13 June 2020)''
*{{Endn|9}}: [[White Dwarf 248 (UK)]], pg. 26
*{{Endn|16}}: [[Salamander (Novel)]], Ch.3, Parts 1&2
*17: [[Codex: Space Marines (9th Edition)]]:
**{{Endn|17a}}: pg. 16**{{Endn|17b}}: pg. 39**{{Endn|17b17c}}: pgs. 181-182
*{{Endn|18}}: [https://assets.warhammer-community.com/warhammer40000_imperialarmour_spacemarines_eng_24.09-lkat22ej96.pdf Astraeus Super-Heavy Tank Rules PDF] ''(last accessed 6/8/2025)''
*{{Endn|19}}: [[Warhammer 40,000: Rogue Trader]], pg. 133
*{{Endn|29}}: [[Deathwatch Core Rulebook]], pg. 75
*{{Endn|30}}: [[Codex: Space Marines (3rd Edition)]], pg. 41
* {{Endn|31}}: [[Codex Supplement: Ultramarines (8th Edition)]], pg. 7*{{Endn|32}}: [[CodexAeronautica Imperialis: Space Marines (9th Edition)Wrath of Angels]]Rulebook, pg. 1629*{{Endn|33}}: [[Codex: Space Marines (8th Imperial Armour - Apocalypse Second Edition, 2nd Codex)]], pgspg. 87-8831*{{Endn|34}}: [[Codex: Space Marines (10th Edition)]]:
**{{Endn|34a}}: pg. 26
**{{Endn|34b}}: pgs. 22-24
**{{Endn|34c}}: pg. 35
**{{Endn|34d}}: pg. 190-193
*{{Endn|35}}: [[ Flesh of Cretacia (Novella)]], Chapter 3
*{{Endn|36}}: [[Dark Imperium (Novel)]], Chapter Eighteen
===Uncited===
{{Uncited}}